When should a pilot report an abnormal situation to ATC?

A pilot should report an abnormal situation to Air Traffic Control (ATC) immediately upon recognition of that situation because timely communication is critical for safety. Abnormal situations can involve various issues, such as mechanical failures, weather-related concerns, or navigation errors, that can affect not only the aircraft in distress but also other aircraft in the vicinity. Prompt reporting allows ATC to provide appropriate assistance, re-route traffic if necessary, and ensure the safety of all aircraft operating in the airspace.

Responding quickly helps to mitigate any potential hazards and enables ATC to react and coordinate effectively, which is vital in maintaining the overall safety of flight operations. Communications regarding abnormal situations should never be delayed until the end of the flight, only when specifically requested, or during a future routine check-in, as waiting may exacerbate the problem and put lives at risk. Hence, initiating immediate communication underscores a proactive approach to safety in aviation operations.